| 6月13日澳大利亚莫道克大学（Murdoch University）青年教师学术报告会 |
| 报告 1. Diffraction Under Extreme Conditions – In Situ Diffraction Studies in Minerals Applications 极限条件原位粉末衍射及其在矿物冶金研究中的应用 Nathan Webster 博士（莫道克大学（Murdoch University）） 报告 2. In situ and time resolved powder X-ray diffraction – a powerful tool for unveiling the mechanism of solvothermal materials syntheses 时间分辨原位粉末X射线衍射及其在溶剂热材料合成机理研究中的应用 夏方 博士（莫道克大学（Murdoch University）） 时 间：6月11日上午9:30 地 点：华东理工大学实验一楼二楼大会议室 联系人：曾惠丹 |
Nathan Webster’s talk：
Title of my talk: Diffraction Under Extreme Conditions – In Situ Diffraction Studies in Minerals Applications
Abstract: The power of powder diffraction lies partly in our ability to conduct in situ experimentation; that is, we can collect diffraction data under simulated industrial processing conditions in order to characterise the behaviour of minerals and materials under these conditions. Such an approach eliminates artefacts that may be introduced when a sample is removed from its environment for so-called ex situ or post-mortem analysis, can allow for the observation of intermediate phases which would otherwise be missed, and can provide significant insights into reaction mechanisms and kinetics. In situ diffraction experimentation is commonly carried out at synchrotron and neutron major radiation facilities, and using advanced laboratory-based instrumentation complex in situ diffraction studies have entered the realm of the day-to-day operation of a home laboratory. In this presentation I will describe the advanced instrumentation and experimentation available in the Diffraction Science laboratory of CSIRO’s Mineral Resources Flagship, as well as outcomes from recent in situ diffraction studies performed in a number of contexts including pressure acid leaching of nickel laterites, iron ore sintering, oil and gas processing and copper electrowinning.
Biographical statement: Dr Nathan Webster joined the Minerals division of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) in 2008 as a Postdoctoral Fellow, and stayed in this role until 2013 developing and implementing tools for the investigation of mineral formation under hydro- and pyrometallurgical processing conditions using in situ X-ray and neutron diffraction. In May 2013 Nathan accepted a role as Research Scientist within the CSIRO Mineral Resources Flagship, before becoming Team Leader of CSIRO’s Diffraction Science team, a role in which he drives diffraction-based capability development and implementation within CSIRO, particularly in situ diffraction studies. Nathan is currently the President of the Australian X-ray Analytical Association (
www.axaa.org<http://www.axaa.org>), and the Chair of the Program Advisory Committee for the powder diffraction beamline at the Australian Synchrotron (www.synchrotron.org.au<http://www.synchrotron.org.au>).Fang Xia’s talk：
Title of my talk: In situ and time resolved powder X-ray diffraction – a powerful tool for unveiling the mechanism of solvothermal materials syntheses
Abstract: Hydrothermal and solvothermal syntheses are very versatile for fabricating diverse materials. While the majority of studies focus on the syntheses of materials or on the demonstration of potential applications, few studies have been devoted to the fundamental understanding the synthesis mechanism and kinetics. However, a thorough understanding of the synthesis mechanism and kinetics is of vital importance to the rational design of synthesis for rapid preparation of materials that are optimized for the area of applications. To date, our knowledge of hydrothermal and solvothermal materials syntheses has largely relied on ex situ characterization of quenched products. However, ex situ characterization is time consuming and sometimes can be misleading because during the quenching process the product may have been changed or the intermediate phases may no longer be present. In this context, in situ powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) is ideal to study solvothermal/hydrothermal syntheses as it is capable of obtaining direct reaction information under the harsh autoclave synthesis conditions. In the in situ PXRD experiments, solvothermal syntheses are conducted in quartz glass capillary microreactors mimicking the conditions of laboratory autoclaves. The microreactor is filled with precursor solution or slurry, pressurized with an inert gas, and placed at the beam centre of a diffractometer that is capable for rapid data acquisition. The temperature is raised by a stream of hot air beneath the microreactor, and the time resolved diffraction patterns are recorded typically every 0.5-2 min to follow the phase evolution during the synthesis. In this presentation, I will utilize some examples to show that in situ powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) is a powerful tool for unveiling the kinetics and mechanism of hydrothermal and solvothermal materials syntheses, including the synthesis of (1) sub-micrometer sized mesoporous TiO2 beads, (2) Bi-Se-Te nanoplates, (3) WO3-EDA inorganic-organic hybrid nanowires, and (4) metal germanate nanowires.
Biographical statement: Dr Fang Xia is a Senior Lecturer at School of Engineering and Information Technology at Murdoch University, in Perth, Australia. He received his Bachelor and Master degrees from East China University of Science and Technology and PhD degree from the University of Adelaide in 2009. He has gained research experience from a number of Asia-Oceania and European universities and institutes, including East China University of Science and Technology (China), University of Rennes I (France), Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA) (Italy), the University of Adelaide (Australia), South Australian Museum (Australia), the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) (Australia), and Murdoch University (Australa). He has an interdisciplinary research background, covering the fields of inorganic materials synthesis and characterization, chemical mineralogy, extractive metallurgy, and the development of hydrothermal reactors for in situ synchrotron X-ray and neutron scattering studies on hydrothermal/solvothermal materials syntheses and minerals leaching. He has published 40 journal articles in journals such as Chemistry of Materials, Crystal Growth and Design, Journal of Applied Crystallography, American Mineralogist, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, and Minerals Engineering.